Magnesium acetyltaurate prevents retinal ganglion cells apoptosis induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate
Lidawani
Lambuk1*,
Igor
N.
Iezhitsa1, 2, 3,
Renu
Agarwal1, 2,
Puneet
Agarwal4,
Anna
Krasilnikova1,
Muhammad Iqbal
Abdul Hafidz1,
Alexander
Spasov3,
Alexander
Ozerov3 and
Nafeeza
Mohd Ismail1, 2*
-
1
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Faculty of Medicine, Malaysia
-
2
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Centre for Neuroscience Research/Faculty of Medicine, Malaysia
-
3
Volgograd State Medical University, Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russia
-
4
International Medical University (IMU), Faculty of Medicine, Malaysia
Excitotoxicity is proposed to play a prominent role in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death in diseases such as glaucoma and retinal ischemia. Since magnesium and taurine are proven to have neuroprotective properties, we examined the anti-apoptotic effect of magnesium acetyltaurate (MgAT) on RGC after NMDA exposure. In this study, rats were divided into 5 groups of 6 rats each and were given intravitreal injections. Group 1 (control group) was injected with vehicle (PBS); group 2 (NMDA group) was injected with NMDA while groups 3, 4, and 5 were injected with MgAT, 24 hours before (pre-treatment), in combination (co-treatment) or 24 hours after (post-treatment) NMDA injection. NMDA and MgAT were injected in PBS at doses 160 nmol and 320 nmol, respectively. Seven days after NMDA injection, rats were sacrificed; eyes were enucleated, fixed and processed for TUNEL assay and Caspase-3 immunohistochemistry staining. Number of TUNEL- and caspase-3 positive cells were counted and calculated as the number of apoptotic cells per 100 µm2 in ganglion cell layer (GCL). The estimation of pro/anti- apoptotic factors (Bax/Bcl-2) and caspase-3 activity in retina was done through ELISA technique. Intravitreal NMDA injection increased the number of apoptotic cells compared to control group (p<0.001). Pre-treatment with MgAT completely abolished apoptotic response to NMDA while co-treatment with MgAT significantly but not completely prevented NMDA-induced neuronal cell death. There was no significant difference in the number of apoptotic cells between NMDA-treated group and MgAT post-treatment group. The results were further corroborated by the estimation of pro/anti- apoptotic factors and caspase-3 activity in retina. In conclusion, our data revealed that pre-treatment and co-treatment with MgAT prevents RGC apoptosis induced by NMDA.
Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge the financial support from grant no. 600-RMI/DANA 5/3/PSF (14/2015) and no. 600-IRMI/MyRA 5/3/LESTARI (0088/2016) by Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
Keywords:
Apoptosis,
Immunohistochemistry,
Retinal Ganglion Cells,
NMDA,
in vivo
Conference:
14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 27 Aug - 30 Aug, 2016.
Presentation Type:
Poster Presentation Session
Topic:
14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry
Citation:
Lambuk
L,
Iezhitsa
IN,
Agarwal
R,
Agarwal
P,
Krasilnikova
A,
Abdul Hafidz
M,
Spasov
A,
Ozerov
A and
Mohd Ismail
N
(2016). Magnesium acetyltaurate prevents retinal ganglion cells apoptosis induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate.
Conference Abstract:
14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry.
doi: 10.3389/conf.fncel.2016.36.00197
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Received:
04 Aug 2016;
Published Online:
11 Aug 2016.
*
Correspondence:
Dr. Lidawani Lambuk, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, lidawani@gmail.com
Dr. Nafeeza Mohd Ismail, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia, Nafeeza.MohdIsmail@frontiersin.org